研究方向：

       代表性論文：

1.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M.,Yuan,H.Y.,Feng,Z.G.,Li,L.“Magnetic spring and magnetic bearing.”IEEE Trans. Magnetics. 391(1):559-561,2003

2.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M.,Yuan,H.Y.“World-first implantable aortic valvo-pump with sufficient hemo-dynamic capacity.” J Med.Eng.Tech.29(6):302-304, 2005

3.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M.,Yuan,H.Y.“World-smallest LVAD with 27 g weight, 21 mm OD and 5 l min-1 flow with 50 mmHg pressure increase.”J Med Eng Technol. May-Jun;31(3):181-4. 2007

4.Qian Kunxi, Xu Zihao, Wang Hao, “Relation between Minimal Speed and Rotational Inertia of Stable PM Maglev Bearing Rotator.” The Twelfth International Symposium on Magnetic Bearings (ISMB 12) Wuhan, China, August 22-25, 314-319.2010,

5.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M.,Yuan,H.Y. “New concepts and new design of permanent maglev rotary artificial heart blood umps.” J Med. Eng. Physics.28(4): 383-388, 2006

 近十年發(fā)表論文目錄： 

1. Qian,K.X “20 years’ efforts to develop a Chinese artificial heart.” ICMT(International Conference of Medical Technology),Houston, 2002 

2. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M.,Yuan,H.Y.“New concept of impeller pumps with magnetic bearing”. J. Drainage and Irrigation Machinary.20(6):7-9, 2002 

3. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “Improved design of permanent maglev impeller assist heart.” J.Biomed.Eng(Chendou)., 19(4):593-595,2002 

4. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “Permanent maglev stability: new concept, new design and new applications. ” J. Jiangsu Uni.,24(1):5-9,2003 

5. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y.,Feng,Z.G.,Li,L. “Super-low-noise permanent maglev propeller for ships and boats. ”J Machine Design & Research.19(1):82-84, 2003 

6. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y.,Feng,Z.G.,Li,L. “Magnetic spring and magnetic bearing. ”IEEE Trans. Magnetics. 391(1):559-561,2003 

7. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “The realization of a small rotor magnet and large air gap motor with sufficient torque and high efficieny.”ESAO,2003 

8. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “A novel permanent maglev LVAD with simplicity and pulsatility: most problems of blood pumps have been solved.”ESAO,2003 

9. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “Applications of neutral network for computing pump flow and pressure.”ESAO,2003 

10.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “A novel permanent magnetic bearing and its anti-wear effect in impeller TAH. ”J. Progress in Natural Science.13(4): 304-306, 2003 

11. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “A novel permanent maglev impeller TAH: most requirements on blood pumps have been satisfied.” J .Biomaterials Applications. 18(1):53-62,2003 

12.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “Axial reciprocation of rotating impeller for anti-thrombogenicity along the bearing in centrifugal pump ”Chn .J. General practice Med.Res.No.6.PP.5-6,2003 

13.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “A novel permanent rotary total artificial heart with permanent maglev impellers.” ASAIO’03,Artificial organs 27(4):300, 2003 

14.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M.,Yuan,H.Y. “Influence of rare-earth PM brush-less motor rotor magnet size and air-gap on the output torque and efficiency. ”J Micro & Special Electrical Machines. 31(3):17-18,2003 

15. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “A permanent impeller TAH for permanent circulatory support. ”Chn Clinical Medicine Monthly .2(4): 295-297.2003 

16. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M.,Yuan,H.Y. “A new passive magnetic bearing and its applications in durable impeller TAH.” J. Machine Design and Research. 19(3):46-47,2003 

17. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “Development of permanent artificial heart. ”J Chn Med &Clinic.No.4,2003 

18.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M.,Yuan,H.Y. “Permanent maglev LVAD with simplicity and pulsatility: most problems of blood pumps have been solved. ” International J Artificial Organs. Vol.26(7):582,2003 

19.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M.,Yuan,H.Y. “Applications of neutral network for computing pump flow and pressure. ” International J Artificial Organs. Vol.26(7):586,2003 

20. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “The realization of a small rotor magnet and large air gap motor with sufficient torque and high efficiency.”International J Artificial Organs.Vol.26(7):620, 2003 

21.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “A new approach for improving anti-thrombogenicity in centrifugal pump.” J Biomed. Engineering(Chendou).20(3):534-536,2003 

22.Qian KX et al “Effect of impeller vane number and angles on pump hemolysis.” J Biomed. Eng(Chendou)..20(4):605-7,2003 

23. Qian, K.X., et al. “Factors affecting the stability of passive maglev impeller in centrifugal pump.” XXXI. Annual Congress of ESAO, Warsaw, Poland, Sept.8-11, 2004 

24. Qian, K.X., et al. “25mm diameter and 40 gram weight implantable aortic valvo-pump with sufficient hemo-dynamic capacity.” XXXI. Annual Congress of ESAO, Warsaw, Poland, Sept.8-11, 2004 

25. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “PIV reveals the effect of vane number and angel as well as flow rate on pump hemolysis in centrifugal pump.” 50th Annual Conference of ASAIO, Washington, DC, June17-19, 2004 

26.Qian,K.X.,Wan,F.K.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M.,Yuan,H.Y. “Eccentric distance and vibration amplitude of permanent maglev impeller in centrifugal pump.” 50th Annual Conference of ASAIO, Washington, DC, June17-19, 2004 

27.Qian,K.X.,Wang,F.Q.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M.,Yuan,H.Y. “Streamlined design of impeller and its CFD certification in centrifugal pump.” 50th Annual Conference of ASAIO, Washington, DC, June17-19, 2004 

28.Qian,K.X.,Wang,D.F., Topaz,S.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “First prototype development of aortic valvo-pump.” 50th Annual Conference of ASAIO, Washington, DC, June17-19, 2004 

29.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “Measurement of eccentric distance and vibration amplitude of permanent maglev impeller of centrifugal pump.” J Jiangsu University(Natural Science Edition).25(1): 60-63, 2004 

30. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “Research and development of a physiologic cardiovascular circulatory model.” J. Jiangsu University(Natural Science Edition).26(6):521-524, 2004 

31. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “Development of 25mm aortic valvo-pump.” J Jiangsu University(Natural Science Edition).26(4): 361-363 , 2005 

32. Qian,K.X., Wang,D.F., Topaz,S., Zwischenberg,J.B. “Implantable aortic valve annular pump with sufficient hemo-dynamic capacity for total left ventricular support.” 51th Annual Conference of ASAIO, Washington,DC, June9-11,2005 

33.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “ Development of 21mm aortic valvo-pump.” Shanghai J Biomed. Eng.26(3):160-162,2005 

34. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “A novel rotary LVAD with passive magnetic bearings.” J Med. Eng. Tech.29(5): 235-237,2005 

35.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “Position detection of permanent maglev impeller in centrifugal heart pump.” Chn. J Mech. Eng.41(1): 181-183,2005 

36. Qian,K.X., Wang,D.F., Topaz,S., Zwischenberg,J.B. “The prototype of trans-ventricular LVAD with rolling bearing and a purge system: Toward durability and erformance.”51th Annual Conference of ASAIO, Washington ,DC, June9-11,2005 

37. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “Development of permanent maglev motor and its applications in artificial hearts.” J Micro and Special Motors.33(11):9-11,2005 

38. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “World-first implantable aortic valvo-pump with sufficient hemo-dynamic capacity. ”J Med.Eng.Tech.29(6):302-304, 2005 

39. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M.,Yuan,H.Y. “Development of a trans-apical and imtra-ventrcular pump.” Chn. J. Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 21(5):311, 2005 

40. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “Present situation and prospects of artificial heart pumps in Jiangsu University.” Chn. J. Medical Instruments.29(4):238-240,2005 

41. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “Use of aortic valvo-pumps placed in valve annulus for long-term left ventricular assist.” J.ASAIO. 51(6):736-738, 2005 

42.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M.,Yuan,H.Y. “Prototypes of axially driven permanent maglev centrifugal pump with streamlined impeller.” J. Jiangsu Univ.(Natural Science Edition).26(6):510-513,2005 

43. Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “New concepts and new design of permanent maglev rotary artificial heart blood pumps.” J Med. Eng. Physics.28(4): 383-388, 2006 

44.Qian, K.X., Wan FK et al:“Study on stability of permanent maglev in artificial heart blood pumps.” J .Med.Eng.Tech. 30(2):78-82,2006 

45.Qian,K.X“An implantable aortic valvo-pump for destination therapy.” J of Cardiovascular Engineering: An International J.6(1):40-42,2006 

46.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M.,Yuan,H.Y. “Computerized fluid dynamics verified the advantages of streamlined impeller design in improving the flow patterns and anti-hemolysis properties in centrifugal pumps.”J Med. Eng .Tech.30(6):353-357, Nov.-Dec.,2006 

47.Qian, K.X., et al: “Permanent maglev centrifugal pump stabilized by gyro-efect.” J mech. Research and Design.22(4):89-90,2006 

48.Qian, K. X., et al: “Back-flow of aortic valvo-pump.”J Jiangsu Univ.(Natural Science Edition).27(5):434-436,2006 

49. Qian, K. X, et al: “Original study of a long-term aortic valve pump of 23mm outer diameter, weighing 31g.” Clinical J of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery of china. 13(3):173-175,2006 

50.Qian,K.X.: “Aortic valvo-pump and intraventicular axial pump.” International Conference of Regeneration Medicine. Beijing Fu-wei Hospital,Octorber,2006 

51. Qian,K.X.: “Gyro-effect makes unstable permanent maglev impeller heart pump stabilized.” International Conference of Regeneration Medicine. Beijing Fu-wei Hospital,Octorber,2006 

52. Qian,K.X., et al: “Design concept and experimental results of a permanent maglev rotary LVAD.” Chn. J BME.25(4):510-512,2006 

53.Qian,K.X., Zeng,P., Ru,W.M., Yuan,H.Y. “An improved design of axially driven permanent maglev centrifugal pump with streamlined impeller.”J Med. Eng. Tech.. Jay-Jun;31(3):170-4. 2007 

54.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M.,Yuan,H.Y. “Novel totally implantable trans-ventricular and cross-valvular cannular pump with rolling bearings and purge system for recovery therapy.”J Med Eng Technol. Jan-Feb;31(1):10-3. J Med.Eng.Tech 2007 

55.ian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M.,Yuan,H.Y. “PIV pictures of stream field predict haemolysis index of centrifugal pump with streamlined impeller.”J Med Eng Technol. Jul-Aug;31(4):239-42. J Med.Eng.Tech. 2007 J. Jiangsu Univ.(Natural Sience Edition). 

56.Qian,K.X.: “Investigation on applying passive maglev bearings in impeller heart pumps.” The Annual Joint Conference of Chinese BME. Xi-an Jiao-Tong University ,April 2007 

57.Qian,K.X.,Zeng,P.,Ru,W.M.,Yuan,H.Y.“World-smallest LVAD with 27 g weight, 21 mm OD and 5 l min-1 flow with 50 mmHg pressure increase.”J Med Eng Technol. May-Jun;31(3):181-4. 2007 

58.Qian KX: “Recent achievements in developing mini axial and maglev radial blood pumps.” World Symposium of Chinese Scientists. Bangkok, July, 2007 

59.Qian,K.X., et al: “Gyro-effect stabilized unstable permanent maglev centrifugal pump” J Cardiovascular Engineering: An International J. Mar;7(1):39-42.. 2007 

60.Qian KX. “Artificial Heart Rejects High Tech? Lessens Learnt from Non-pulsatile VAD with Straight Impeller Vanes.”Open Biomed Eng J. Jul 17;1:35-7. 2007 

61.Qian KX. “One thousand dollar assist heart pump for patients from developing countries.”Open Biomed Eng J Jun 28;1:11-2. . 2007 

62. Qian KX “A mini axial and a permanent maglev radial heart pump.” Open Biomed Eng J. May 31;1:1-3. 2007 

63．Qian KX: “Use of passive magnetic bearings in permanent maglev centrifugal pumps.” Proc. Biomed. Eng. Informatics, Shanghai, 2008 

64.Qian KX: “Artificial heart rejects high Tech? Lessens learnt from non-pulsatile VAD with straight impeller vanes,” Proc. Biomed. Eng. Informatics, Shanghai,2008 

65.Qian KX: “Novel connecting conduit-free and bypass circuit-less mini LVADs for reducing thrombosis risk”, Proc. Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, Shanya, 2008 

66.Qian KX:“Regurgitation of a mini axial pump with closed impeller used as a valvo-pump”, Proc. Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, Shanya,2008 

67.Qian KX: “Gyro-effect and Earnshaw’s Theorem: Stable and unstable equilibrium for rotary and stationary permanent magnetic levitators”, Proc. Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, Shanya,2008 

68.Qian Kun-xi:“Artificial heart—non-pulsatile ventricular assist device with straight impeller vanes.” Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research, June 25, Vol.13, No.26, 2009 

69. Qian Kun-xi:“Connecting conduit-free and bypass circuit-less mini LVADs eliminate the most likely sites of thrombosis.” Health, Vol.1, No.1,31-34. 2009 

70.Qian kun-xi：“ Study on regurgitation of a bearing-less mini axial aortic valvo-pump with closed impeller.” Health, Vol.1, No.3, 173-175，2009 

71．Qian Kunxi, Xu Zihao, Wang Hao, “Relation between Minimal Speed and Rotational Inertia of Stable PM Maglev Bearing Rotator.” The Twelfth International Symposium on Magnetic Bearings (ISMB 12) Wuhan, China, August 22-25, 314-319.2010, 

72.Qian KX, Lu MF, Xu ZH, Wang H: “A Novel PM Bearing and Its Application in Permanent Maglev Turbine Machine.” The Twelfth International Symposium on Magnetic Bearings (ISMB 12) Wuhan, China, August 22-25,, 248-253, 2010

      1.1996年享受政府特殊津貼。

 

 

弱勢(shì)群體創(chuàng)造驚世輝煌——訪國(guó)際著名心臟泵專家錢坤喜教授

他研制的心臟泵只有27克，雞心的大小具有牛心的功率，被英國(guó)吉尼斯中心確認(rèn)為世界上最輕最小的人工心臟；他使用的經(jīng)費(fèi)30年不到100萬(wàn)，是國(guó)內(nèi)同行中最少的；他認(rèn)為科技將帥之才是天生的，后天培養(yǎng)的作用只是第二位的；他還認(rèn)為科技界不是沒有人才，而是沒有讓人才施展才華的環(huán)境和條件。 

1987年11月24日《人民日?qǐng)?bào)》在頭版報(bào)道：上海第二醫(yī)科大學(xué)人工心臟研究室講師錢坤喜在人工心臟的小型化方面取得重大突破，他研制成功能完全植入體內(nèi)的電動(dòng)心臟，比自然心臟還輕一半，在國(guó)際人工器臟學(xué)術(shù)界引起了震動(dòng)。 

20多年過去了,錢坤喜已經(jīng)成為世界上著名的心臟泵專家和權(quán)威,江蘇大學(xué)教授,他的工作又有了哪些新的進(jìn)展?他對(duì)科研工作有哪些心得和體會(huì)?最近他接受了記者的采訪。 

弱勢(shì)群體創(chuàng)造驚世輝煌 

心臟泵的小型化和微型化是人工心臟研究的首要課題，錢坤喜如是說。上世紀(jì)八十年代中期，國(guó)外的心臟泵重量有幾公斤到幾十公斤，錢氏心臟泵只有240克，并用于動(dòng)物試驗(yàn)，在世界上第一次實(shí)現(xiàn)試驗(yàn)動(dòng)物可自由走動(dòng)，不必束縛在手術(shù)臺(tái)上或籠子里。在達(dá)到相同功能的前提下，心臟泵體積越小重量越輕難度就越大。至20世紀(jì)九十年代和進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)后，國(guó)外心臟泵重量也減小至幾百克，錢坤喜又將他的心臟泵重量降到27克，雞心的大小具有牛心的功率，被英國(guó)吉尼斯中心確認(rèn)為世界上最輕最小的人工心臟，錢坤喜因此被圈內(nèi)最具權(quán)威性的出版物美國(guó)人工內(nèi)臟雜志聘為當(dāng)時(shí)唯一的一位外籍編委。 

人工心臟的研究當(dāng)然絕不僅僅是小型化即可植入性一個(gè)課題，它是一門綜合性科學(xué)，需要理、工、醫(yī)三大學(xué)科的互相交叉、滲透和融合。譬如血液相容性研究，即減小血細(xì)胞的破壞，使之低于血細(xì)胞的再生，就是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)年未決的國(guó)際難題。尤其是當(dāng)旋轉(zhuǎn)型血泵的葉輪周期性改變轉(zhuǎn)速產(chǎn)生搏動(dòng)流時(shí)，美國(guó)Medtronic公司耗資數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元?dú)v時(shí)數(shù)年未能降低溶血。錢坤喜憑著在復(fù)旦大學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)系力學(xué)專業(yè)師承谷超豪教授的扎實(shí)功力，應(yīng)用解偏微分方程的方法，求出血泵內(nèi)血液流動(dòng)的流線和流面，以此設(shè)計(jì)葉輪的葉片和輪盤，圓滿地解決了這個(gè)問題，被國(guó)際人工心臟的搖籃美國(guó)猶太大學(xué)人工心臟研究所Olsen所長(zhǎng)贊譽(yù)為“完美的”、“令人信服的”，錢坤喜本人被邀請(qǐng)擔(dān)任該研究所工程顧問。同時(shí)，錢坤喜向全世界宣告：旋轉(zhuǎn)泵不能產(chǎn)生低溶血搏動(dòng)流的弱點(diǎn)已經(jīng)成為歷史。 

在解決旋轉(zhuǎn)泵產(chǎn)生搏動(dòng)流的過程中，錢坤喜平行地進(jìn)行著研制旋轉(zhuǎn)式全人工心臟的工作。旋轉(zhuǎn)泵因?yàn)橹荒茌o助或替代單心室的功能，不能像隔膜型全人工心臟那樣能輔助和替代整個(gè)心臟的工作，它的使用受到限制。 1987年，當(dāng)旋轉(zhuǎn)式全人工心臟的論文在美國(guó)發(fā)表時(shí)，引起會(huì)場(chǎng)一片震動(dòng)。國(guó)際人工器官學(xué)會(huì)主席Nose博士稱之為“理想的新一代人工心臟”，與會(huì)代表紛紛邀請(qǐng)錢坤喜合作研究，被譽(yù)為國(guó)際人工心臟之父的美國(guó)猶太大學(xué)Kolff教授當(dāng)場(chǎng)激動(dòng)地手寫紙條，邀請(qǐng)錢坤喜去美國(guó)作深入的學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告和講學(xué)。在會(huì)場(chǎng)上的中國(guó)留學(xué)生，熱情地向人民日?qǐng)?bào)記者真實(shí)反映這一成果的國(guó)際影響，人民日?qǐng)?bào)于1987年11月24日在頭版二條作了報(bào)道。 

心臟泵的耐久性是進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)后人工心臟研究面臨的新問題。隨著動(dòng)物試驗(yàn)和臨床應(yīng)用的存活期的不斷延長(zhǎng)，泵內(nèi)軸承磨損成為關(guān)鍵。機(jī)械軸承不僅易磨損，摩擦生熱還將產(chǎn)生血栓，造成嚴(yán)重后果。國(guó)外普遍采用電磁軸承解決這一問題，又引起檢測(cè)困難、控制復(fù)雜、增加體積重量和消耗額外的電能等一系列衍生的問題。錢坤喜標(biāo)新立異，明知1839年英國(guó)人Earnshaw從理論上證明永磁懸浮在靜態(tài)是不平衡的，執(zhí)意將永磁懸浮旋轉(zhuǎn)體的陀螺效應(yīng)引入心臟泵，力求達(dá)到穩(wěn)定的平衡，從而研制成功永磁懸浮心臟泵。這一成果被人工心臟的前身主動(dòng)脈內(nèi)氣囊泵的發(fā)明者美國(guó)人Topaz譽(yù)為：“領(lǐng)先國(guó)際同行不知有多遠(yuǎn)！” 

早在上世紀(jì)九十年代中期，由錢氏心臟泵原形設(shè)計(jì)改進(jìn)而成的臺(tái)灣大學(xué)“臺(tái)大一號(hào)”左心室輔助器在動(dòng)物試驗(yàn)中先后創(chuàng)造存活62天，129天和115天的記錄并用于臨床，但錢坤喜本人在回到中國(guó)大陸后卻因經(jīng)費(fèi)短缺無(wú)法開展動(dòng)物試驗(yàn)。國(guó)際人工心臟之父美國(guó)猶太大學(xué)Kolff教授得知這一情況后，主動(dòng)介紹錢氏心臟泵去美國(guó)德州大學(xué)進(jìn)行動(dòng)物試驗(yàn)，與美國(guó)人工肺一起輔助多只山羊心、肺循環(huán)一個(gè)月以上。錢坤喜感嘆地說，國(guó)內(nèi)人工心臟研究經(jīng)費(fèi)動(dòng)輒一個(gè)項(xiàng)目幾百萬(wàn)數(shù)千萬(wàn)，而他30年使用不到一百萬(wàn)；如果經(jīng)費(fèi)有保證，國(guó)產(chǎn)心臟泵早已“沖出亞洲、走向世界”了！ 

成功的秘訣 

錢坤喜先后在德國(guó)、美國(guó)和我國(guó)上海、臺(tái)灣、江蘇主持人工心臟的研究，發(fā)表論文200多篇，SCI、EI檢索86篇；申請(qǐng)或獲授權(quán)專利10項(xiàng)。他的許多論文，是在國(guó)際會(huì)議開幕式上第一個(gè)宣讀的，或在閉幕式上壓軸發(fā)言的，多家雜志將他的論文作為刊物的封面論文發(fā)表；國(guó)際評(píng)委稱他的研究“代表人工心臟研究的方向”，是“人工心臟研究的里程碑”，稱他是“國(guó)際公認(rèn)的權(quán)威”；他研制的心臟泵被媒體稱作為“錢氏心臟泵”，“21世紀(jì)的人工心臟”。面對(duì)國(guó)際上的好評(píng)如潮，錢坤喜十分低調(diào)，不加評(píng)論；記者問他有什么成功的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，他回答三句話十二個(gè)字：準(zhǔn)確切入，貴在堅(jiān)持，標(biāo)新立異。 

準(zhǔn)確切入，是成功的關(guān)鍵。錢坤喜大學(xué)讀的是數(shù)學(xué)力學(xué)，研究生學(xué)的是流體機(jī)械，當(dāng)他選擇人工心臟研究作為他國(guó)外留學(xué)主攻方向時(shí)，醫(yī)學(xué)沒基礎(chǔ)，連人工心臟都沒見過。半年多的時(shí)間里，他只身埋頭在圖書館里，將當(dāng)時(shí)幾乎所有能找到的有關(guān)人工心臟的論文通讀一遍，了解前人所做的工作，最后決定將不被人看好的旋轉(zhuǎn)泵作為自己的切入點(diǎn)。那是20世紀(jì)八十年代初，模仿自然心臟收縮/舒張?jiān)�理設(shè)計(jì)的隔膜型心臟泵已經(jīng)開始應(yīng)用于病人，由于體積重量太大將病人束縛在病床上，沒有生活質(zhì)量，受到輿論質(zhì)疑。當(dāng)時(shí)的旋轉(zhuǎn)泵也很大很重，但錢坤喜堅(jiān)信旋轉(zhuǎn)泵可以提高轉(zhuǎn)速大幅度降低裝置的體積和重量，這為他后來(lái)在心臟泵的小型化和微型化方面取得系列成果奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 

貴在堅(jiān)持，是成功的保證。當(dāng)錢坤喜將自己的想法與德國(guó)教授交換時(shí)，受到嚴(yán)厲的拒絕。他放棄三年的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金毅然回國(guó)，決心在祖國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的理想。想不到上海單位的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)同樣不支持他的想法，他一時(shí)處于隱性失業(yè)狀態(tài)，不得不改行臨時(shí)當(dāng)了兩年的翻譯。在時(shí)任上海市領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的江澤民同志的干預(yù)后，錢坤喜得以重新返回德國(guó)和美國(guó)研究；后來(lái)又在臺(tái)灣李登輝先生的關(guān)心下，到臺(tái)大醫(yī)院繼續(xù)研究。他是國(guó)內(nèi)堅(jiān)持人工心臟研究最久的學(xué)者，也是世界上研究旋轉(zhuǎn)泵時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的科學(xué)家之一。由于他的堅(jiān)持，不斷發(fā)表新成果，旋轉(zhuǎn)泵的弱點(diǎn)一個(gè)又一個(gè)地被克服，優(yōu)點(diǎn)一個(gè)又一個(gè)地被展現(xiàn)，國(guó)際人工心臟學(xué)術(shù)界發(fā)生翻天覆地的變化，原來(lái)是隔膜泵的一統(tǒng)天下，上世紀(jì)九十年代中期后人們像趕集一樣紛紛投入旋轉(zhuǎn)泵的研究。曾任錢坤喜單位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)上海交大丁文祥終身教授頗有感觸地說，“ 錢坤喜堅(jiān)持搞旋轉(zhuǎn)泵，我們過去不理解沒跟進(jìn)吃了大虧，現(xiàn)在要迎頭趕上”。改變觀點(diǎn)的還有人工心臟大師美國(guó)的Jarvik博士，以他姓名命名的Jarvik-7隔膜泵在上世紀(jì)八十年代初期風(fēng)靡全球，之后走入低谷；然而到了九十年代后期，Jarvik-2000旋轉(zhuǎn)泵卷土重來(lái)，是目前世界上臨床應(yīng)用時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的心臟泵之一。 

標(biāo)新立異，是成功的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。錢坤喜在人工心臟研究30年的生涯中，無(wú)時(shí)不刻不在想如何與眾不同，怎樣標(biāo)新立異。搏動(dòng)流旋轉(zhuǎn)泵，旋轉(zhuǎn)型全人工心臟，人造心臟瓣膜泵，永磁懸浮心臟泵，等等，這些人工心臟研究領(lǐng)域的新概念、新名字，無(wú)一不與他的姓名聯(lián)系在一起。他敢于應(yīng)用永磁軸承到人工心臟，開始時(shí)是一種冒險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)闆]有人相信他能成功；外國(guó)人已證明不可能的事，是如何被他變成可能的呢？答案并不復(fù)雜，簡(jiǎn)而言之：標(biāo)新立異，敢為他人先！為了搞清永磁軸承的原理，他虛心請(qǐng)教臺(tái)灣工研院、臺(tái)灣清華大學(xué)、北京大學(xué)、蘭州大學(xué)、中科院電工研究所等幾十位專家，集思廣益，發(fā)明一種新穎的永磁軸承，達(dá)到所謂的陀螺效應(yīng)，拓展統(tǒng)治學(xué)術(shù)界170年的Earshaw原理，不僅為心臟泵，而且為其它高速旋轉(zhuǎn)的機(jī)械，提供穩(wěn)定可靠的無(wú)磨損軸承。 

中國(guó)科技不缺人才 

對(duì)于人才培養(yǎng)的問題，錢坤喜十分健談。他認(rèn)為，人才是分層次的，將帥之才是天生的，后天培養(yǎng)的作用只是第二位的；人才的培養(yǎng)主要是在工作中磨練，學(xué)校教育只是打基礎(chǔ)；目前我國(guó)不是沒有人才，而是沒有讓人才施展才華的環(huán)境和條件。 

一代大師錢學(xué)森走了,大家哀悼之余都在思考一個(gè)問題:為何中國(guó)出不了像錢學(xué)森這樣的科技將帥之才? 錢坤喜認(rèn)為，雖然錢學(xué)森是在國(guó)外培養(yǎng)成才的，但他是在國(guó)內(nèi)成就了他最輝煌的事業(yè)。他的成功,除了他的才能，離不開國(guó)家的支持。設(shè)想他沒有黨和政府的支持，他個(gè)人能有今天這樣的成就？反過來(lái)，如果別的其他人能得到社會(huì)同樣大的支持，難道做不出一個(gè)將帥之才應(yīng)有的貢獻(xiàn)？錢學(xué)森的專業(yè)當(dāng)屬國(guó)家的急需，受到傾國(guó)的支持是理所當(dāng)然的，年輕一代的航天事業(yè)同行中也不缺有望成為將帥之才的姣姣者，更說明社會(huì)的支持是成才的必要條件。錢坤喜還認(rèn)為，在條件差的環(huán)境中能做出卓越成果的更值得發(fā)揚(yáng)和提倡，更值得肯定和贊揚(yáng)！錢坤喜教授十分自豪地說,他是在非名牌大學(xué)的非重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室里進(jìn)行國(guó)家重點(diǎn)科技項(xiàng)目的研究，是在以國(guó)內(nèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)衡量也僅是二、三流的條件下進(jìn)行國(guó)際上一流水平的工作和獲取科研成果。他滿懷豪情的說,事實(shí)證明,外國(guó)人能做得到的事情，我們中國(guó)人也一定能做到；中國(guó)人在國(guó)外做得到的事情，在我們祖國(guó)的土地上也完全有可能做到。 

我國(guó)科技界的現(xiàn)狀是普遍存在著有才者得不到支持,無(wú)才者瓜分有限資源的現(xiàn)象；結(jié)果拿錢的人做不成事情，做得成事情的人拿不到錢。除了國(guó)家重視的領(lǐng)域，再有將帥之才的人,除非“雙肩挑”謀個(gè)一官半職,否則很難得到應(yīng)有的支持，只能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間懷才不遇，“老虎變病貓”；更有甚者，科技界幾乎盡人皆知，申報(bào)項(xiàng)目或申請(qǐng)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)等都需要攻關(guān)和打點(diǎn)，本來(lái)純屬學(xué)術(shù)范圍的事變成權(quán)與錢的交易和角斗，真正搞學(xué)問的人不精于此術(shù)，倒讓那些社會(huì)活動(dòng)家和投機(jī)取巧的人出盡風(fēng)頭，國(guó)家的錢往往就這樣打了水漂。錢坤喜認(rèn)為，國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金會(huì)目前執(zhí)行的網(wǎng)評(píng)和邀請(qǐng)外籍評(píng)委評(píng)審的方法，是值得推廣的好方法。總而言之,現(xiàn)在的問題不是缺乏錢學(xué)森,而是坊間的錢學(xué)森缺乏發(fā)揮將帥之才的環(huán)境和條件；等到每個(gè)有才華的人都能得到施展才能的機(jī)會(huì)，中國(guó)人得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的愿望就能實(shí)現(xiàn)了。

 

來(lái)源：科學(xué)中國(guó)人2010-3-15